Stem Cell Research Is Wrong And Goes Against Their...

Stem cells are cells in the body that can become many other parts of the body. They are a very important part of the body and the way it functions. Stem cell research has been studied for many years but the findings have recently been applied to the real world. With the new discoveries from stem cells, clinical trials can be more accurate and cost effective. The stem cells can be reprogramed and sent to parts of the body to help repair cell damage in the body, giving them the name the black box of reprogramming. Stem cells can also be used to help cure cancers and other diseases like Alzheimer and Parkinson. Some think that stem cell research is wrong and goes against their religious beliefs. 2nd paragraph what is a stem cell Our bodies are complex machines. The job of stem cells is to build and maintain our complex machines. Our lives begin with one cell that starts dividing and replicating to create all of the billions of cells we have that make up our bodies. The cells get to a point where they stop making copies of themselves and start to specialize. When a cell specializes it becomes part of a body system or organ and can no longer change into another cell and starts to take that characteristic of that body area. A heart cell starts beating, skin cells start to flatten and stack on each. Some cells get larger in size some more away from each other some get closer it all depends on what the function of the cell is. As an adult mostly all of our cells areShow MoreRelatedStem Cell Research in Ethics999 Words   |  4 PagesStem Cell Research in Ethics We are entering a brave new world where one can grow a heart in a petri plate then go on to surgically putting it into a real living boy who desperately needs it. This sounds like a tale of fiction. However now, scientists are currently working to produce such organs that save lives and obviate the usual failure and feared rejection by the recipient’s body. Stem cell research has traditionally been perceived to be horrific when it destroys a living embryo itselfRead MoreStem Cell Research And Vitro Fertilization1476 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Writing on Embryonic Stem Cell Research and In-Vitro Fertilization is a very difficult subject. Can it better mankind or is it an abomination against God. Religion plays a big part to the devout and their beliefs that they put in God. Science has its findings and personal beliefs on this subject that it’s not against God. The two have compelling arguments about the subject matter and pulls you into a spiritual and logical tug of war. It involves a political point of view and a banRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay2353 Words   |  10 PagesThe Moral Debate over Stem Cell Research President George W. Bush looked stern and confident as he addressed the American people on August 9th, 2001. It was an historic day for the 43rd president, as he explained the debate surrounding embryonic stem cell research, including its possible benefits for science but also its problems surrounding morals and ethics. â€Å"The issue is debated within the church, with people of different faiths, even many of the same faith coming to different conclusionsRead MoreAnimal Cloning Debate Essay1045 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussed issue in our society today. The question now is whether the Australian government should ban animal cloning. Many opinions are generated from this subject, such as the justifiability of cloning, and how far it should go. Religious views are prevalent, so too are numerous ethical concerns. The issue of whether or not the government should ban cloning has gained progressive attention, as the science of animal cloning is further perfected. BIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND Read MoreThe Debate Over Stem Cell Research1834 Words   |  8 Pagesembryonic stem cells. This up and coming treatment has gained a lot of praise as well as speculation from the media, medical and religious officials. Deciding whether to preserve the unborn, or treat the ill, leads to the question of the morality of using embryonic stem cells. There may be controversy over the use of embryonic stem cells but despite moral convictions, this type of research provides hope and promise to researchers and patients in need. Some believe the use of adult stem cells can abolishRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 Pagesorganism of interest’ or curiousity. Genetic engineering does not include traditional animal and plant breeding, in vitro fertilization, induction of polyploidy, mutagenesis and cell fusion techniques that do not use recombinant nucleic acids or a genetically modified organism in the process. Cloning and stem cell research, although not considered genetic engineering, are closely related and genetic engineering can be used within them. Synthetic biology is an emerging discipline that takes geneticRead MoreStudy And Use Of Embryonic And Adult Cells Towards Development Of Medical Science1901 Words   |  8 PagesA catholic response to stem cell research Religious studies 3.3 Achievement standard 90826 Credits: 6 INTRODUCTION What is stem cell research? †¢ Stem cell research is the study and use of embryonic and adult cells towards development of medical science. The study of stem cells has become a major focus in the world of medicine because of its great potential to cure common illnesses such as; Parkinson’s disease, cerebral palsy and diabetes. The study of maturing stem cells gives scientists insightRead MoreBio Ethics Essay3296 Words   |  14 Pagesinfluencing factors but all stem from the main ideal of doing good, avoiding evil and meditation to clear the mind and allow for unbiased or untainted thought. Buddhism is a religion based on ethical equality, which goes hand in hand with views on bioethics. However being an ancient religion, the bioethics of the modern day complicate the judging of an action as good or bad and leaves it to the knowledge or esteem of an individual’s mind to decide what is right and what is wrong. This then brings intoRead MoreIs It Morally Acceptable?3016 Words   |  13 Pagesof time. This could be because of people beginning to realize and understand that animals are beings that has a behaviour similar to our own and that they have the capacity to feel pain and be appreciative like humans do after years and years of research has been done on them. Individuals who own pets could also possibly perceive this kind of response exclusively to domestic animals such as dogs and cats. There s other ways why a person s perspective of animals in general varies either positivelyRead MoreMount Saint Helens and Ecological Succession2647 Words   |  11 Page sthe watches over humanity. The evidence of this belief can be seen in the tombs of the Egyptians, in the sculptures of the Greeks and in the customs of the African tribes, among many other cultures. It seems that the existence of a deity is something that every culture comes to accept at some time or another. In Would Tarzan Believe in God?, the authors say that, ...many cognitive scientists see the universality and pervasiveness of religious belief as suggesting that it is a natural feature of

The True Diary Of A Part Time Indian - 1572 Words

People always say don’t judge a book by its cover, yet constantly, we all do it. We pick up a book and immediately, by instinct, we judge it by what we see. It is the same for all things in life. It is only human nature to judge things based on appearance. We look at how someone or something appears, and without even trying, we make assumptions or judge that thing, person, or situation. Throughout my semester in English 10A, I have come across many situations in which appearance affects the thoughts or lives of characters in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time-Indian, To Kill a Mockingbird, The Merchant of Venice, and our Holocaust Unit. The first book we read, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time-Indian, appearance definitely played a roll. The biggest factor was the white people judging the poor Indians. They all immediately assumed that someone like Junior, that was a poor Indian from the reservation, was automatically dumb and had no future ahead of him. Yes, in most cases this was true, but that does not mean every Indian is not capable of having a good future. Of course it was very rare, but the main reason for that was because when people saw them they immediately based their judgment on appearance. Like when Junior first went to Reardan High, all the kids stared at his beat up clothing and appearance and thought, why are you here? â€Å"They stared at me, the Indian boy with the black eye and swollen nose, my going-away gift from Rowdy. ThoseShow MoreRelatedThe True Diary Of A Part Time Indian1479 Words   |  6 PagesName Tutor Name Course Date Identity Crisis and Resolution in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian It is natural for every person that he finds himself in a conflicting situation where he thinks that he has no identity. In such a situation of crisis, he asserts himself through different means though it may be a bitter truth or he himself gets insult in response. Arnold in The Absolute True Diary of a Part Time Indian faces the same situation, but he does not leave the truth. Whatever he hasRead MoreThe True Diary of a Part-Time Indian1009 Words   |  5 Pagesthink looking forward and trying to change a bad situation into a good one for having a better life is a wrong decision? The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian is a novel written by Sherman Alexie. The novel is about Arnold Spirit; everyone calls him Junior. He is a teenage boy with a tough life who lives with his family in poverty on a Spokane Indian reservation in Wellpinit, Washington. He hates living in poverty and wants something better for himself. â€Å"I feel like I might grow up toRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian1296 Words   |  6 PagesIn Sherman Alexie’s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian (2007) a teenage boy named Junior, explains his struggle of breaking the cycle of his indigenous people and moving between an Indian American reservation (the ‘rez’) and a mainstream school in a town called Reardon. The protagonist explains, through first-person accounts, his life on the reservation and his experiences as he attempts to break the cycle of alcoholism and poverty that is imposed on him merely because he is an IndigenousRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of The Part Time Indian1932 Words   |  8 Pageslifestyles, sexual situations, violence, and inappropriate behavior for the age it s been given to. The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian is one of those books and actually almost consists of all of the reasons most books are banned. The book is actually one, if not the most, challenged book in the United States. S herman Alexie s 2007 novel The Absolutely True Diary of the Part-Time Indian is considered a controversial novel because of it s demeaning references to alcohol, poverty, bullying,Read MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian2462 Words   |  10 PagesAdolescence is a time of Changes Adolescents experience a multitude of physical, cognitive, emotional, and social, and mental changes during a short span of years in their developmental journey to adulthood, and this transition period is full of many developmental changes and milestones. Some typical changes and milestones in an adolescent’s life include puberty, learning to drive, dating, developing new social relationships and social roles, cognitive changes, becoming sexually active, obtainingRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian799 Words   |  4 PagesThe Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian After reading the book The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, I got a much better understanding of what that title means. When you think of part-time you normally think of having a part-time job when you only work some days but not all the time. Well that is a lot like the life of the main character in this story. Throughout the book, Junior manages to be â€Å"half Indian† and â€Å"half white.† He says â€Å" It was like being Indian was my job.†Read MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesNicolà ¡s Juà ¡rez â€Å"Each funeral was a funeral for all of us†: Notions of Race, Identity and Mortality in Sherman Alexie’s The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian The American Indian occupies a unique place in the White American imaginary. Indians, one is told, are cordial, wise, poor in the â€Å"humble poverty† sort of way, brown, there assist whites with either mystic knowledge or humorous ignorance. Figures such as Squanto, Tonto and Disney’s Pocahontas along with a large smattering of WesternsRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian1050 Words   |  5 PagesArnold/Junior Spirit is a fourteen year old Spokane Indian who lives on a small reservation in Washington state. In the book The Absolutely True Diary of a part-Time Indian, Junior leaves his reservation for a primary white school called Reardan to find hope. He struggles with friendships, family, basketball, school work and identity through the year. His experiences on and off the reservation, are constantly changing his beliefs to become less racist and more positive. For example, Junior beginsRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian201 7 Words   |  9 PagesTrauma in The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian In Sherman Alexie’s novel, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian, Alexie shows trauma in a realistic and believable way. He has characters experience traumatic events that stay with them and affect them for a long time, and change said characters in a significant way. He also shows characters who share a common trauma, but react differently - to the point where some characters experience trauma from a situation while others do notRead MoreThe Absolutely True Diary Of A Part Time Indian1267 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"I was born with water on the brain† (Alexie 1), Sherman Alexie starts his novel, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian. His first sentence explains it all; the main character of his book, Arnold Spirit Junior, is not an ordinary boy. Junior was born with a rare condition called Hydrocephalus; it made him prone to seizures, brain damages and to get picked on and bullied. However, the same impairment makes him a fighter. He fights off his brain surgery, seizures and the bullies. He fights

Clinical Reasoning for Acute Renal Failure- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theClinical Reasoning for Acute Renal Failure. Answer: Introduction The paper emphasizes on the case of an aged woman who was examined with acute renal failure and stroke. To be precise, previously the patient bore the history of respiratory tract problems and complications as well as an amputation performed on the right toe due to the detection of gangrene. Apart from this, she had a medical history of diabetes and hypertensive which she acquired in her teenage years, 15 years of age. I had the case of Ms. S and was charged for her care plan since the time she was admitted to the ward. I remember, I had to shift him to long term facility with the aid of clinical reasoning cycle. For this case study I had executed extensive research in order to support my information with the help of evidence and practice based studies. In this paper the scenario of the patient had been explained after a thorough collection of information, identifying the problem and considering the patients situation following which adequate action had been taken and the occurrence of adverse impact prevented with the usage of clinical reasoning. Care had been given for a proper managing and recognizing and prevention of further deterioration of the patient (Burbach, BarnasonThompson, 2015). Scene Setting Ms. S was a 77 years aged female examined with renal failure accompanied by cerebrovascular accident. As stated the woman was examined in the past with hypertensive and diabetes since 15 years. Ms. S was consequently admitted to the surgical ward where I had been held responsible to take care of her high blood sugar level and regular dressing of her amputated toes. She arrived being carried on a stretcher accompanied by a nurse of emergency ward. As per the nurse statements, she had pain in her amputated toe therefore wound clearing was performed with endian. Furthermore, Ms. S received regular insulin of 50 unit (0.5/hr), colistimethate of 3700000 unit, Chlorhexidine(10ml) and IV.inj and Darbepoetinalfa 50mcg.howeverto that, enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneous, pantoprazole 40mg NG,and furosemide 10mg, inj, IV were also provided to her. Consider the Patient situation Ms. S was kept in room number 245, and we had received her endorsement there. On the next day at 08800 AM we were handed over her documents and patient history by her nurse. As it is with bed-ridden (quadriplegia) patients with pressure ulcer, the patient needed to be positioned q2hr and providing of suction via tracheotomy, proper and daily dressing of the toes and monitoring of the blood glucose, its intake and output. These fell under my supervision and she required my utmost attention since her handover from her previous nurse. Collection of Information Review of Current Information During the time of clinical reasoning cycle, I had to help my preceptor to superintend the signs for Ms. S. I had to carry the machine for measuring blood pressure level by wearing the PPE which is protective personnel equipment as the patient was categorized under contact precaution owing to acenetobacterbaumannii found in urine. The observations can be listed as Temperature Tympanic 36.8, Respiratory rate 19 breath/min, SPO2:93% (low)on 02 flow 6 L /min Trachea mask Fio at 35% , peripheral pulse rate: 88 bpm , blood pressure, 140/74 mmHg. Consequently I had o document the observation in the patient chart by my preceptor. Gather New Information One of the fundamental and critical steps of the process of clinical reasoning is the collection of pertinent information or cues regarding the patients scenario. I did the same with a complete assessment from head to toe. Ms. S was alerted about her Glasglow coma scale which was 12 due to verbal response (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle, Cheever, 2010). According to the protocol, I had to start from her physical appearance of head to toe. In terms of physical appearance, Ms. S was clean except for long nails. As she had sacral ulcer her Bradenn scale was 13, she never had skin pigmentation though. As I pinched under the clavicle I understood that she had bad skin turgor which can be a result of dehydration (HabichLetizia, 2015).She had sparse hair on her scalp. Following this I was asked to finish the assessment alone by my preceptor. I conducted eye examination, the PERRLA of pupils was in round, there was no unusual about her hair. She had nasogastric tube size of 12 French at the right n ostril and everything else was normal. As I moved to the neck, Mr. S had tracheostomy inner cannula of size 6, with intact and secured ties. On her neck examination it was found out that Mr. S was on tracheostomy inner cannula size 6 was in tact. Her chest there was presence of crackles on the right side of the lung because of cough. This is the reason why she required suctioning. The heart and abdomen were normal. As she had quadriplegia it was impossible to analyze the gait and posture as well as flexion of extremities. she had muscle and joint stiffness as a result of neuromascular assessment finding. Therefore, MORSE was used as fall risk scale and she scored 50 signifying a high risk (Huey-Ming, 2015). On the completion of assessment, I suggested that tracheostomy suction not to be performed with clean gloves which was common amongst the wards. I had article to support my claim (Schreiber, 2015). She finally agreed to the fact that it should be conducted with the usage of steri le gloves within a limited amount of time in order to avoid infection. Recal Knowledge The above part deals with collection and review of Ms. S condition and her physiology, pharmacology and pathophsiology. Furthermore, the culture and context of car, ethics and updated evidence based practice relating to the patients situation. Her acute renal failure occurred on the failure of kidney to get rid of waste and fluids from the blood. The kidneys become incapable of proper functioning resulting in accumulation of waste in blood. Lack of filtration affect the blood chemical and disrupt balance (Schmidt, BeutelKielstein, 2015). As far as data is concerned it has been noted that renal failure is the 9th cause of death as reported in US (CDC, 2012). To conclude the section Ms. S was discriminated based on nurses previous assumptions due to patients age and other predominating discrimination. This can apparently make them to presume that providing the patient daily routine care is sufficient because of her old age (Gabel, 2012). Process Information Interpret Here interpretation of data will take place collected during my findings. Ms. S had (ARF) acute renal failure as a consequence her sodium level was 131mmol/L which is below normal. Her creatime level was as high as 274 mmol/L wen compared to the normal (95-107). Her urea result was 12.09 mmol/L which is on the higher side (3.6-7.1 mmol/L/day) because of waste accumulation in body resulting in acute dehydration within the patiemt. Additionally her albumen was low 22 g/L which is low comparing to the normal values (35-55 g/L) due to ART. She had moreover high white blood cell 12.7 (4.5-11) owing to acetobacterbaumannii growth in urine (Pagana, Pagana, 2011). Discriminate This portion of the paper concerns about discriminating on the important caring part of the patient through the physical assessment observation. On observation, it was found out that she had extremely low saturation owing to gathering of secretion in trachea. Also her poor skin turgor and decreased urine due to dehydration and positive intake output ratio because of ARF (Ashley Stamp, 2014). Relate This portion will put together all the collected information and comprehend the link between them. My patient had high blood pressure due to ARF (acute renal failure) due to which the kidney fails to filter the waste product. Additionally, her sacral pressure ulcer resulted from long period of hospitalization, quadriplegia and inadequate turning hours (Ellis Price, 2015). She had also suffered from tightness and while breathing because of secretion in trachea which required to be suctioned via tracheostomy. She also had low hemoglobin which led her to develop anemia. Another fact is Hypoalbumenia that might had caused edema via decreased oncotic pressure that refers to the nephritic syndrome consisted of proteinuria. She also suffered from excessive low sodium level as well as high urea and creatinime because of kidneys failure to remove the waste products from her body. Infer This section of clinical reasoning cycle includes my thoughts on the patients information and cues which were needed to arrive at a conclusion. These recollections are needed for making reflections upon her conditions. Her difficulty in breathing proves that she never had regular suctioning therefore interrupting the breathing process during her treatment. Predict In this section, I have analyzed and predicted the possible outcomes of the patient. The result of inadequate or no suctioning in case of Ms. S via tracheostomy led to extreme discomfiture within her and a decreased level of saturation. Furthermore, she developed a new pressure ulcer on her back and consequently deteriorated for the absence of medical attention or care like application of cream or spray on the affected regions. Additionally she was not made to position q2hr to help with her ulcer which had severed her conditions. Her NG (nasogastric tube) was also not made to check at regular intervals, which stopped her from consuming food and medication. This had naturally aggravated her conditions and delayed her process of wound healing (Curtis, 2013). This iwas aggravated more because the nurse needed to check her blood glucose to prevent hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia phases. Match In this portion I have tried to make a comparison of Ms. Ss case with that of my previous patients with acute kidney failure conditions. It is important here to mention that when I was in BN3 for the purpose of conducting medical surgical course I had clinical rotation in medical ward situated in almafraq. I was responsible for supervising a patient who was suffering from acute renal failure and slowly began to worsen. Additionally in case of Mr. S, her history of stroke coupled with quadriplegia resulted in steady deterioration more so because of her immobility. When I compared this with my previous patient who was under me, the person had ischemic stroke therefore chances of degeneration was lesser due to the stability of condition. Identify the problem/issue This portion of the paper dealt with the problem that the patient suffered from as well as examining the patient to make a proper and definite diagnosis. Primarily, ineffective airway clearance pertaining to the collection of secretion quadriplegia as seen in Mr. S on on 02 flow 6 L /min Trachea mask Fio at 35% , and as well the presence of cough. In my second diagnosis I have found non-functioning or impaired physical mobility (quadriplegia and stroke) concerning to disease process and inability to move within the surrounding physical environment, limited range of motion (ROM) and non-functioning coordination. In my third diagnosis I have found during my diagnosis fluid and electrolyte imbalance: more than the body requirement related to less fluid output increased by weight and development of petting edema in her during the period of hospitalization. Lastly, in the fourth part of my diagnosis I had diagnosed that: Risk for fall related to patient disease process. Additionally, I fo und that my preceptor had the misconception about ageism and ignorance of the needed care that elderly people require, including cleanliness and hygiene. Another important factor was to check the patients body while over-turning. One thing can be concluded that the reliability on patient and her family is required when they understand the need for suction. It is required for the preceptor to behave judiciously without being over-confident or judgmental which can be severely harmful for the patient.

Langston Hughes Essays (843 words) - Harlem Renaissance, Jazz Poetry

Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was born in Joplin, Missouri into an abolitionist family. He was the grandson of Charles Henry Langston. His brother was John Mercer Langston, who was the the first Black American to be elected to public office in 1855. Hughes attended Central High School in Cleveland, Ohio, but began writing poetry in the eighth grade, and was selected as Class Poet. His father didn't think he would be able to make a living as a writer. His father paid his tuition to Columbia University for him to study engineering. After a short time, Langston dropped out of the program with a B+ average, all the while he continued writing poetry. His first published poem was also one of his most famous, The Negro Speaks of Rivers, and it appeared in Brownie's Book. Later, his poems, short plays, essays, and short stories appeared in the NAACP publication Crisis Magazine and in Opportunity Magazine and other publications. One of Hughes' finest essays appeared in the Nation in 1926, entitled The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain. It spoke of Black writers and poets, who would surrender racial pride in the name of a false integration, where a talented Black writer would prefer to be considered a poet, not a Black poet, which to Hughes meant he subconsciously wanted to write like a white poet. Hughes argued, no great poet has ever been afraid of being himself'. He wrote in this essay, We younger Negro artists now intend to express our individual dark-skinned selves without fear or shame. If white people are pleased we are glad. If they aren't, it doesn't matter. We know we are beautiful. And ugly too... If colored people are pleased we are glad. If they are not, their displeasure doesn't matter either. We build our temples for tomorrow, as strong as we know how and we stand on the top of the mountain, free within ourselves. In 1923, Hughes traveled abroad on a freighter to the Senegal, Nigeria, the Cameroons, Belgium Congo, Angola, and Guinea in Africa, and later to Italy and France, Russia and Spain. One of his favorite pastimes whether abroad or in Washington, D.C. or Harlem, New York was sitting in the clubs listening to blues, jazz and writing poetry. Through these experiences a new rhythm emerged in his writing, and a series of poems such as The Weary Blues were penned. He returned to Harlem, in 1924, the period known as the Harlem Renaissance. During this period, his work was frequently published and his writing flourished. In 1925 he moved to Washington, D.C., still spending more time in blues and jazz clubs. He said, I tried to write poems like the songs they sang on Seventh Street...(these songs) had the pulse beat of the people who keep on going. At this same time, Hughes accepted a job with Dr. Carter G. Woodson, editor of the Journal of Negro Life and History and founder of Black History Wee k in 1926. He returned to his beloved Harlem later that year. Langston Hughes received a scholarship to Lincoln University, in Pennsylvania, where he received his B.A. degree in 1929. In 1943, he was awarded an honorary Litt.D by his alma mater; a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1935 and a Rosenwald Fellowship in 1940. Based on a conversation with a man he knew in a Harlem bar, he created a character know as My Simple Minded Friend in a series of essays in the form of a dialogue. In 1950, he named this lovable character Jess B. Simple, and authored a series of books on him. Langston Hughes was a prolific writer. In the forty-odd years between his first book in 1926 and his death in 1967, he devoted his life to writing and lecturing. He wrote sixteen books of poems, two novels, three collections of short stories, four volumes of editorial and documentary fiction, twenty plays, children's poetry, musicals and operas, three autobiographies, a dozen radio and television scripts and dozens of magazine articles. In addition, he edited seven anthologies. The long and distinguished list of Hughes' works includes: Not Without Laughter (1930); The Big Sea (1940); I Wonder As I Wander (1956), his autobiographies. His collections of